Welcome to Braveheart Country

Scotland's scenery is known for its wild beauty, and its people for their warm welcome. Stirling is no exception and has an enviable position at the heart of Scotland's landscape, not only physically, but in its history too.

The original seat of the Scottish crown, Stirling witnessed the Wars of Independence, and both William Wallace (as depicted in Mel Gibson's film Braveheart) and Robert the Bruce, won battles in its fields in the 13th and 14th Centuries.

The National Wallace Monument is a reminder of the city's turbulent history, and stands as a sentinel above the University campus.

Key facts about Stirling's History and places to visit:

Braveheart and William Wallace

• Braveheart is a film starring Mel Gibson
• The 1995 film is a fictionalised account of William Wallace’s life, one of Scotland’s best-known warriors
• The Battle of Stirling Bridge took place nearby on 11 September 1297
  
• The Battle of Falkirk took place only 14 miles away on 22 July 1298

The Wallace Monument

• The Wallace Monument, very close to the University of Stirling, was built to commemorate William Wallace. It was completed in 1869
• The monument stands 500 feet above the valley floor on top of Abbey Craig and gives incredible views of the surrounding countryside
• The monument has a spiral staircase with 246 steps and is open to the public to climb

Robert the Bruce

• Also in Stirling is the Bannockburn Heritage Centre which commemorates Robert the Bruce's victory at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314

Stirling Castle

• Stirling Castle has a rich history going back several centuries
• It once housed many of the Stuart Kings and Queens of Scotland
• It's open every day to visit, 9.30am to 6.00pm from April to September and until 5.00pm during other months.

Airthrey Castle

The University itself stands on an estate with a rich and varied history. At the centre of the Stirling campus is the historic building of Airthrey Castle. Still in active use today as the home of the University's School of Law, the 18th-century castle, extended and remodelled in late Victorian times, has a fascinating history.

Airthrey Castle – a brief history

What's the story of Airthrey Castle ?

12th - 16th Century

The first recorded reference to the name of Airthrey is in a Charter of King David of Scotland, which must have been granted prior to 1146.  The Airthrey Estate appears to have been held by the Crown until 1370, when it was granted to Sir John Herice, Knight Keeper of the Castle of Stirling.

The land then passed into the hands of William, Lord Graham of Kincardine, to recognise the gallantry he showed at the Battle of Sauchieburn. After being made Earl of Montrose, he was killed at the Battle of Flodden Field in 1513.

Airthrey remained in the Montrose family until the fifth Earl was executed at Edinburgh in 1650 for his support of the royalist cause. By then, the manor house of Airthrey had been burned to the ground by Covenanters under the Marquess of Argyll.

17th - 18th Century

The estate was purchased by John Hope of Hopetoun in 1678, then passed in 1706 to Ralph Dundas, whose son John Dundas built the house at Airthrey in 1748. Next, the estate was bought by Captain Robert Haldane of Plean in 1759, and his son Robert commissioned the extravagant design by Robert Adam that forms the southern half of the current building.

Robert Haldane also built the stone wall that extends nearly four miles round the edge of the estate, and was responsible for the early development of the landscape, including the creation of the loch. However, once the house was built he sold it, with the estate, in 1798 to Sir Robert Abercrombie for £46,000. Sir Robert immediately set about improving the estate, and was responsible for moving the village of Logie to a new site in Causewayhead, and also “discontinued the village of Pathfoot”.

19th Century to present day

The estate continued to be held by members of the Abercrombie family until 1889 when it was bought by Donald Graham for £75,000. He built a large addition on the north side of the castle in 1891, at a cost of £15,700 with impressive interior features such as a carved oak panelled hall, alabaster plaques, white marble fireplaces and intricately carved Eastern doors.

It remained with the Graham family until it was handed over to the Secretary of State for use as a maternity hospital, and many hundreds of children were born here between 1939 and 1968.

By that time, the University of Stirling had come into being, and the Castle was taken over in 1969 to become an integral part of University life. Initially it housed administrative and social functions, but is now primarily used for teaching by the School of Law.

Further information

Airthrey Estate timeline http://www.is.stir.ac.uk/libraries/collections/spcoll/airthrey/index.php

Scotland's History

Scotland's unique cultural identity and rich and varied landscapes attract visitors from all over the world each year.

There is plenty to see and do:

• Stirling is situated at the heart of Scotland and so is within travelling distance to world renowned ancient buildings and sites such as Edinburgh Castle, the Highlands, Loch Ness and Glasgow's museums
• Music, theatre and the arts thrive, drawing both on Scotland's traditional heritage and its fresh modern outlook

To explore the history of Scotland and visit sites of extraordinary beauty and tranquillity you will find the web links below useful:

	www.visitscotland.com
	www.historic-scotland.gov.uk
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk
	www.visitstirling.org
	www.nts.org
	www.instirling.com